Nā Kuleana
Hoʻoponopono nā lāʻau'ōhumu lāʻau kino me ka hoʻonaʻauao maʻamau i ka nānāʻana, ka mālamaʻana, a me ka paleʻana i ka maʻi o nā lāhui holoholona. ʻO nā hana mua o ka maʻi o nā maʻi'elepa paha ke komo i ka hoʻonāʻana i nā maʻi a me nā hiʻona o ka hopena, ka nānāʻana i ke kūpono o nā maʻi, ke aʻoʻana i nāʻano o ka hōʻailona lāʻau hōʻailona, a me ka loiloiʻana i nā mea e pili ana i ke olakino i pili i nā meaʻai holoholona, a me nā mea noiʻi'ē aʻe.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā maʻi o kaʻeha epiaiologists e hana mau i nā keʻenaʻoihana wale nō ke nānā kokeʻia ka ulia maʻi.
Nā koho lawelawe
ʻO ka maʻi pīpīpila kahi o nā papahana kūikawā i hiki ai i nā kālaiʻike ke hoʻokō i ka hōʻailona papa. Ua hōʻikeʻia e ka American American College of Medicine Preventive Medicine (55 mau epidemiology) i ka makahiki 2014 (he hapa liʻiliʻi loa o ko lākou mau helu he 687). ʻAʻole i ponoʻia ka hōʻoiaʻana o ka Papa e like me ka lāʻau o nā lāʻau'ē, akā,ʻo nā mea he nui i hoʻopaʻa i nā papahana aʻo'ē aʻe (e like me ka FDA's Epidemiology Training Program).
Hiki i nāʻona o nā lāʻauʻokoʻa ke huli i nā hana me nā paʻahana likeʻole e like me nā hale hana noiʻi, nā keʻena kula, a me nā hui kūikawā (e like me nāʻoihana lāʻau). ʻO nā hui aupuni e like me ka US Food & Drug Administration ke hoʻohana pū nei hoʻi i nā maʻi he nui no ka nānāʻana i nā maʻi i nā holoholona a me ka mālamaʻana i ke olakino.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka FDA o nā maʻi kīʻaha i ka Center for Medicine Veterinary, ka Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, ka Center for Devices and Radiological Health, a me ka Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.
Ka Hoʻonaʻauaoʻana
Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā maʻi'ōpilikia lāʻau kino ma ka hoʻokōʻana i kā lākou kauka lapaʻau no nā lāʻau lapaʻau (DVM).
Ma hope o ka loaʻaʻana o ka laikini e hana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokō i nā koi e hiki ai i ka hōʻailona papa ma ka papahana kūikawā o ka epidemiology, ināʻaʻole lākou e makemake e alualu i kēia alanui. (ʻO nā koho'ē aʻe ma waho o kaʻaha hae papa e komo pū me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā me nā keʻena aupuni a iʻole nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā Masters in Health Public or Ph.D. in Epidemiology).
No ke kohoʻana i ka hoʻonāʻana i ka papaʻaina, pono ka mea mua e lilo i diplomate ma ke Kulanuiʻo American Medicine Medicine (ACVPM). Pono lākou iʻelua mau makahiki o kaʻike hou i kēia manawa ma ka papa o ka epidemiology, a ua paʻiʻia (a iʻole ka hoʻopukaʻiaʻana) i loko o kahi puke pai iʻikeʻia e nā hoa, a loaʻaʻekolu mau'ōlelo aʻo kumuhana. Hāʻawiʻia ka papa hana hoʻolālā papa no ka maʻiʻehā e ka (ACVPM). Ma hope o ka hāʻawiʻana i kēia hōʻike, hāʻawiʻia kekahi moho i ka kūlana diplomate i loko o ke kūlana kūikawā o ka epidemiology.
ʻO ka poʻe e heleʻole nei i ka papa hana hōʻailona e pili paha i ka Polokalamu Hoʻohanohano FDA. ʻO kēia papahana hoʻolālā nui e komo i kahi makahiki o ke aʻoʻana ma ke kula o ka epidemiology a me ka olakino ola, a ma hope o ka nohoʻana oʻelua makahiki.
Nā Papahana Hoʻonaʻauao
ʻO ka hui no ka lāʻau ho'ōla lāʻau maʻi a me ka lāʻau palekana (AVEPM) he lālā hoʻokumuʻoihanaʻoihana no nā mea ola a me nā mea'ē aʻe i komo i ka māhele o ka lāʻau'ōlohelohe. Hāʻawi ka AVEPM i nāʻike hoʻonaʻauao a me nā hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā hanana no kona mau lālā e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻomau i kā lākou mau pono e aʻo ai. Hoʻomaopopo mauʻia ke kālepa hoʻonaʻauaoʻana ma ka heleʻana i nā'ōlelo aʻo a me ke komoʻana i nā hana hana.
Uku uku
ʻO nā mea iʻikeʻia i ka wā i hōʻiliʻiliʻia e ka Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), hōʻikeʻiaʻo ka uku makahiki āpau o nā meaʻaihue a pau he $ 87,590 (i ka Mei o 2014). ʻO ka papa he 10% o nā mea pilau a pau i loaʻa ma lalo o $ 52,530 i kēlā me kēia makahiki aʻo ka hapa nui he 10 pakeneka i loaʻa i nā kālepa a pau i $ 157,390 i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻOiaiʻaʻole hoʻolakoʻia e ka BLS nā helu uku maʻamau no kēlā me kēia mea pāʻani lāʻau lapaʻau, ua loaʻa i nā papahana hoʻolaleʻia ka uku i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka pālākiō no ko lākou aʻo nui a me kaʻike.
E like me ka BLS,ʻo ka uku makahiki no nā maʻi āpau a pau he $ 67,420 i ka Mei o 2014.ʻO ka lalo he 10% i loaʻa i lalo o $ 43,530 i ka loaʻaʻana o nā hapa nui he 10 ma mua o $ 112,360. ʻO ka poʻe i hana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka uku palena kiʻekiʻe loa ($ 89,360).
Ke hoʻopauʻia nei e nāʻehā epailaiologists i ko lākou mau hale noho, loaʻa iā lākou ka uku ma ka wā o kā lākou noiʻana, akā,ʻoi aku ka emi o ka uku ma mua o ka loaʻaʻana o ka uku ma ka hana maʻamau. ʻO nā uku uku noho no ka hapanui o nā polokalamu e like me ka $ 25,000 a $ 35,000 ma ka makahiki, e kū ana i ka mea kūikawā a me ke kumu kūʻai o ka nohona o ka'āina.
Pilikino Career
Ke hōʻike nei ka hōʻike a ka Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) i kaʻoihana o nāʻoihana lāʻau eʻoi aʻe ka māmā ma mua o ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau (e pili ana i 9 pakeneka) mai ka makahiki 2014 a hiki i ka 2024. Hoʻomanaʻo ka BLS i ka uluʻana o kaʻoihana maʻamau o nā epidemiologists , e hoʻonuiʻia ma kahi o 6 pakeneka ma ka manawa like.
ʻO nā mea'onike i loaʻa i ka papaʻaina a iʻole nāʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao'ē aʻe e hoʻomau i nā mea maikaʻi loa ma ka māhele epidemiology.