I kēlā me kēia makahikiʻelua, noi ke National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) i nā noi no kāna papahana hoʻokele. ʻAʻole i loli kēlā, me ka haʻaleleʻana o ka polokalamu kekomi (a me kona hopena pōʻino ma ka nui o nā hanana'ē aʻe .)
Ua kūpono i kona hoʻomakaʻana i loko o ka Cold War,ʻo ka papahana papahana holoʻokoʻaʻo NASA i hoʻomaka muaʻia i nā pailali maikaʻi loa a me nāʻoihana maikaʻi loa ma ka pūʻali koa US, a ma waena o lākou ka moku kaua Scott Carpenter a me ka moku Marine John Glenn. Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia nā Astronauts mai nā heluna kanaka likeʻole e like me nā mea hoʻokele pūnaewele, nā meaʻepekema, a me nā kumu aʻo, akā, he pūʻali nui ka pūʻali koa. ʻElima mau kelekēne i kēlā me kēia o nā papahana o 2009 a 2004 he mau lālā lawelaweʻoihana, ma waena o 300 i ka moʻolelo o NASA.
ʻO nā lālā o nā lālā i kēia manawa e mālama i ko lākou kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ko lākou lawelaweʻana i ka Lyndon Johnson Space Center ma Houston, Texas, no kahi kaʻaʻelima mau makahiki.
Manaʻo NASA
ʻOiai uaʻoi aku nā kūkelua post-baccalaureate, ua makemakeʻo NASA i nā haumānaʻaeʻa me ke kēkelē bachelor loa - ma kahi o kahi i kau aku i ka'enekeneka, ka'enekema epekema, kaʻike kino, aiʻole ka makemakika.
ʻAʻole lākou e makemake i nā haumāna puka hou:ʻO nā haumāna kūlana kiʻekiʻe e "ʻekolu makahiki e pili ana, e pili ana i kaʻoihanaʻoihana" ( Astronaut Selection and Training , PDF), akā, hiki i kahi kēkelē ke kāʻei i hoʻokahi makahiki, a he doctoralʻekolu. makahiki, o kēlā koi.
ʻO nā paila paila a me nā puʻikū (ʻaʻole paha he kumu kiʻekiʻe loa ma kēia manawa e hoʻolālāʻia nā pūhaka Lūkini) he 1,000 mau manawa o kaʻike ma keʻano he pilo pilo-in-command.
Eia kekahi,ʻo kēlā me kēia o ka moho -ʻo ka mea koa a kūlana kanaka paha - pono e hele i ka NASA āpau ākea a ma kahi o 58'niha ka lōʻihi, akāʻaʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 6 '4.ʻO nā pilo he hiki ke kaʻawale i waena o 5' 2 a me 6 '3. ( ke pepehi iāʻoe.)
Nā Pono Kiʻekiʻe
Ma keʻano laulā, he mau mikioni hōʻoki koa o ka US a me nā luna i hoʻonohonohoʻia me nā makahikiʻoi aku oʻelima mau makahiki. Ma waho aʻe o nā koi a ke NASA, nā kānāwai o ka Army a me ka Marine Corps ma nā papa inoa eʻaeʻoleʻia, e pili ana i kaʻenehana lapaʻau,'ikekino (keʻole ka hōʻailona, physiological, a hoʻokolohua), hānai,ʻoihana physiology,ʻikeʻikepili, a me ka ea.
Hoʻolālā nā manaʻo NASA ma o ka'Āpana Hoʻolālā Federal recruiting USAJobs, akāʻo nā mea koa pūʻali hoʻi e hoʻokuʻu i ka noi ma o kā lākou pae kauoha. ʻOiaiʻo NASA keʻike koke aku i ka noi, ua'ōlelo nā lawelawe i kēlā me kēia hana ma o ka "papa koho" -ʻo iaʻano pūʻulu o ke keʻena i hoʻoholo i nā kūlana. (Akā, ua hoʻoholo ka Marine Corps i ka papa koho i ka mahinaʻoʻApelila 2012, uaʻikeʻo NASA i keʻano maikaʻi loa i ka kohoʻana i kekahi kanaka hōʻailona.)
ʻO ia, a me kēlā māhele e pili ana i nā luna hoʻonohonoho? Eia kekahi, aia kekahi maheleʻokoʻa: eʻae ka Air Force i nā noi mai nā luna aiʻole i hoʻopaʻaʻia .
... E kali, he aha?
ʻAe, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia kahi luna o ka'Ālia Mokuaina i ka makahiki 2011 e'ōlelo ana e hiki i nā limahana ke hoʻohana. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia nā kikola juicier ma kahi pūnaewele pūnaewele wale nō i loaʻa wale i nā mea hana o ka Air Force.
E like me nā mea he nui, ua manaʻo wau e hoʻokeleʻia nā luna kaʻa kaua a pau, nā luna. Hōʻikeʻia ka hōʻoia i kēia manaʻo hoʻohālua:ʻAʻohe o ka mea i koho i ka heluna -ʻoiai, ka mea mua, a iʻole ka mea i make - ua kapaʻiaʻo ia ma ka NASAʻo 2005 Astronaut Fact Book (PDF) aiʻole ma ko lākou papa inoa.
No laila, he aha ka hana? Ma kaʻoiaʻiʻo, me ke komoʻole i nā pūnaewele paʻa o ka Air Force,ʻaʻole wau iʻike. Akā inā i hāʻawi kekahi lālā i nā wahi e komo ai i nā lālā, ua like ka Air Force i ka bila e like me ke kākoʻo nui o nā hana hoʻolālā.
Hiki i ka 'airman hauʻoli ma kahiʻena e like me Space Systems Operations , me ka loiloi a me ka hoʻonaʻauao hana hana, hiki ke hana i ka hihia koʻikoʻi no ka lilo' ana i ke koho inoa kiʻekiʻe.
Mai koʻuʻikeʻana ma keʻano he mea lawelawe i ka Marines, hiki iaʻu ke'ōlelo wale aku inā loaʻa kahi mea kākau e'ōlelo ana ua hikiʻoe i kahi papahana, pono ia e noi. Akā,ʻaʻole e pili me kekahiʻano o ka pono.
Pilikino Career
Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki i nā mea kūpono o ka heluna holoʻokoʻa: "kahi .7 pakeneka o ka kohoʻana," e like me ka Army Colonel Timinga i'ōleloʻia ma 2008 e ka Army.mil. Ma kēlāʻatikala, ua haʻaleleʻo Colonel Jeff Williams iā ia e kali ana i loko o nā makahiki heʻumi a me nā pane houʻana ma mua o ka hanaʻana iā NASA, me ka'ōlelo hou aku, "Mai kau i kāu mau hua i loko o hoʻokahi hīnaʻi - akā. . . e kūpaʻa. "
ʻO ia ka'ōlelo aʻo koʻikoʻi no kēlā me kēia pūʻali koa koa, akā no kahi koho kahi i hoʻolālā lōʻihi ai - a me kahi hiki aku i ka wā e hiki mai ana - hiki ke hana i kahi pūmālie "e wikiwiki a kali" i ka pūnaewele hōʻona.
ʻAʻole ia he mea e hana ai: Ma muli o ka hoʻomahaʻana o ka mea mokulele hope loa o ka US i ka makahiki 2012, e hoʻouna mau anaʻo NASA i kona poʻe i ke kūʻaiʻana i nā noho ma ka moku Lūkini, a hiki i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka pilinaʻana me nāʻoihana pāʻoihana kalepa.
A hoʻolaha mau nōʻo NASA i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā papa koho papahana Astronaut i kēlā me kēia o nāʻoihana lawelawe i kāweleʻia i ka makahiki 2012 me nā inoa o nā kauā e hiki mai ana i mua e hōʻike i ka NASA ma waena o ka hopena o ka makahiki 2013.
ʻO ka mea wale nō kēia:ʻo ka komoʻana i ka papahana holomua ma o ka pūʻali koa he pahuhopu kūpono, akā, he mea nui ka hoʻomanawanui,ʻike, a me ka hoʻolaʻa. A me ka hōʻoleʻole,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ināʻoe i kahi papahana hoʻolālā maʻalahi iʻole e hoʻopauʻia kēlā mau palapala haʻalele i kou ola.