9ʻEpekema Pūmana

E hoʻokaʻawale i ka honua

E noʻonoʻo i ka honua me ka poʻeʻepekema. ʻO ka maʻi e kahe ana,ʻoi aku ka nui o nāʻenehana,ʻaʻole e ola, aʻo ka hopena ka hopena. ʻO nā kānaka hana i ka hanaʻepekema ke kuleana i nā mea he nui a mākou,ʻo ke kaiāulu, pōmaikaʻi mai nā lā a pau.

No ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i kahiʻoihanaʻepekema, ponoʻoe e aʻo i kekahi ola a iʻole keʻike kino. ʻO kaʻike ola e pili ana i kaʻike e pili ana i nā meaola ola a me nā mea e like me keʻano biology, biochemistry, microbiology, zoology, a me ka loio.

ʻO ke kauka, ke kelekamai, ka astronomy, a me ka hana honuaʻana,ʻo ia nā mea a pau e pili ana i keʻano o nā mea olaʻole.

Eia iʻeiwa mauʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao koʻikoʻi. Keʻike nei ka Luna'āina o Nānā Lāhui o ka US (BLS) i ka nui o ka hana ma ka hapa nui o kēia mauʻoihana i ka makahiki 2026.ʻO ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō e manaʻoʻia e loaʻa ka uluʻana o kaʻoihana o kaʻoihana. Hiki paha iāʻoe ke aʻo e pili ana i nāʻoihana STEM , nāʻoihana olakino , a me nāʻoihanaʻenehana loea .

ʻO ka meaʻai'onaʻaiʻole Biophysicist

Hoʻopili nā meaʻeleʻele a me nā mea hoʻopau lāʻau i nā mea'enekino a me nā mea kino o nā mea ola a me nā hana ola. No ka hanaʻana ma kēia māhele, ponoʻoe i ke kēkelē laepua ma keʻano biochemistry, biology, kemistics, a me ke kauka. E hoʻolālāʻoe iāʻoe no kahiʻoihana komo. E makemakeʻoe i ka doctorate inā makemakeʻoe e hana i kahi noiʻi kūʻokoʻa a iʻole loaʻa kahiʻoihana i ke kūkuluʻana.

Ua loaʻa i ka Lunahana Lapaʻau o ka Nānā Lāhui o Hawaiʻi ka uku o kaʻoihana iʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o kaʻoihana no nāʻoihana a pau, me 3,600 mau hanana hou i hoʻohuiʻia ma waena o 2016 a me 2026.

Ke ola

Hoʻomākaukau nā mea hoʻomanaʻo i nā kinikona a pehea e hiki ai ke hoʻohanaʻia no ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ko mākou mau ola.

Loaʻaʻoe i kahi kēkelē laepua a iʻole Ph.D. i ke kulakamaika no ka nui o nā hana. Hiki paha iāʻoe keʻimi i kahi kūlana me ke kēkelē bachelor, akā e kaupalenaʻia kāu koho. Ua loaʻa i nā Chemists ka uku makahiki makahiki he $ 73,740 i ka 2016. Ua emi iho kaʻoihana o kaʻoihana i kaʻoihana me ka hana i manaʻoʻia e ulu ma kahi oʻeono pākēkeli ma waena o ka 2016 a me ka 2026.ʻO kaʻoi aʻe o kāu kēkelē,ʻo kaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāu mauʻoihanaʻoihana.

Kahi mālama

Hoʻokumu nā mea mālama i nā mea'āina a me nā aupuni e loaʻa ai nāʻano e pale ai i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me ka lepo a me ka wai. No ka loaʻaʻana o kāuʻoihana ma kēia māhele, ponoʻoe e loaʻa kahi kēkelē laepua no kaʻikeʻana i ka hoʻokeleʻana, ka mālamaʻana i nā kumuwaiwai, ka mahiʻai, keʻano biology a me kaʻikeʻepekema . I ka 2016, ua hana nā mea hoʻomalu i waena o ka makahiki he $ 61,810. Hoʻomanaʻo ka BLS i ka ulu o ka ulu ma ka makahiki 2026 e like me ka wikiwiki no nā hana a pau.

Hoʻomaluʻauao'enekema

Hōʻike nā meaʻepekema kaiapuni , hoʻohaʻahaʻa a pale i nā mea haumia a me nā pōʻino'ē aʻe e hōʻino ana i ka nohona aiʻole ka olakino o ka poʻe. Hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa kahi haʻahaʻa i ke kauʻana me kahi kēkelē laepua i kaʻikeʻenehanaʻenehana, biology, engineering, physics or physics, akā inā makemakeʻoe e holomua, e pono anaʻoe i ke kēkelē laepua.

Ua loaʻa i nā kaukaʻepekema ka uku makahiki median o $ 68,910 i ka 2016. Inā eʻimi anaʻoe i kahiʻoihana me kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa, eʻike ka BLS i kēia ulu e ulu ana ma mua o ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau i ka makahiki 2026.

Hoʻomalu Makani Ola a Hoʻomalu

Nā meaʻepekema a me nā pale hanaʻenehana-kekahi manawa i kapaʻia nā meaʻenehanaʻenehana -monitor the environment a nānā i nā kumu o ka pollution a me nā hana ma lalo o ka nānāʻana o nā kaiokiko. Ponoʻoe e loaʻa i kekahi kūkelē laikini a iʻole kahi palapala hōʻoia ma kaʻikeʻepekemaʻikeʻepekema a iʻole kaʻepekema e pili ana i kaʻepekema, akāʻo kekahi mau hana e loaʻa i ke kēkelē laepua ma ke kelemu a me ka biology. I ka 2016, loaʻa i nā meaʻenehanaʻenehana ka uku makahiki makahiki he $ 44,190. Hoʻohālikelikeʻia nāʻoihana e ulu wikiwiki ma mua o ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau i ka makahiki 2026 e like me nā meaʻepekema e pili ana i ka'āina.

Forensic Scientist

ʻO nā meaʻepekema kilokilo -ʻo ia ka mea iʻikeʻia he poʻe kelekemaʻikeʻepekema a iʻole nā ​​mea noiʻi pāʻaniʻeleʻele - e nānā i ka hewa ma kaʻohiʻohi a me ka nānāʻana i nā hōʻikeʻike kino. He nui nāʻoihana hana e koho i nā noi i loaʻa iʻelua makahiki o ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā a iʻole ke kūkelē kūlana ma kaʻike hanaʻepekema a iʻole kaʻepekema e pili ana i kaʻepekema. ʻO kekahi poʻe e hoʻolimalima i ka poʻe i loaʻa ke kūkelē bachelor i ke kelemiko, ke koloʻo, a me kaʻikeʻepekema . Ua loaʻa i ka poʻeʻepekema kilokilo ka uku makahiki median o $ 56,750 i ka 2016.ʻO ka BLS e kūkala nei i ka hana no nā meaʻepekema kilokilo e ulu wikiwiki aʻe i ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau i ka makahiki 2026.

ʻO Geoscientist

Huli nā Geoscientists no nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a iʻole e kōkua i nāʻepekema e hoʻopau i ka'ōlohelohe. No ka loaʻaʻana kahi kūlana hoʻonaʻauao i ke kulanui, ponoʻoe e loaʻa i ke kēkelē laepua ma kaʻike honua a iʻole ka'enepekema honua, akāʻo ka hapa nui o nā noi noi noi i ke kāpena. Ua loaʻa i nā Geoscientists ka uku median o $ 89,780 i ka 2016. Ua manaʻoʻia ka uluʻana o kaʻoihana ma mua o ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau ma ka makahiki 2024. E loaʻa i nā kānaka i loaʻa ke kūkelē laulā i kā lākou mau hana.

Ke olahana

Hoʻopili nā lolohana i nā kino o ka wai, ma ka honua a ma lalo. Ke nānā nei lākou i ko lākou holo kaʻaheleʻana, ka hāʻawiʻana, a me nā waiwai kino. No ka hanaʻana ma kēia māhele, e ponoʻoe i ke kēkelē laepua ma kaʻike o kaʻike, ka'enekema a me ka hoʻokeleʻikepili me ke kūmole i ke hydrology a iʻole kaʻike wai. Ua loaʻa i nā kānaka lawaiʻa he uku makahiki makahiki o $ 80,480 i ka 2016. Ua hoʻolaha ka BLS i ka uluʻoihana ma mua o ka awelika no nāʻoihana a pau i ka makahiki 2026.

Hoʻonaʻauao Hauka

Hoʻomaʻalo nā kaukaʻepekema i ka noiʻi no ka hoʻoholoʻana i nā kumu o ka maʻi. Ke nānā nei hoʻi lākou i nāʻano e pale a ho'ōla ai iā lākou. I mea e hana aiʻoe he kauka lapaʻau noiʻi, ponoʻoe i ka doctorate i loko o kahiʻepekema olapili, i ke kaulike medical (MD) a iʻole nā ​​meaʻelua. ʻO ka uku makahiki makahiki he $ 80,530 i ka 2016. Hoʻonuiʻia ka uluʻana o Iowa i ka wikiwiki no nāʻoihana a pau i ka makahiki 2026.

Ka Hoʻohālikeʻana i nā Kānaka'Emana
Ka Hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe Uku Uku Median (2016) Ka Hananaʻiaʻana o ka Huina Hana 2016-2026
ʻO ka meaʻai'onaʻaiʻole Biophysicist Kauka lapaʻau ma nā'enekema $ 82,180 11%
Ke ola Ke kula kiʻekiʻe a Ph.D. ma Kekema $ 73,740 7%
Kahi mālama Ke kēkelē laepua ma ke Biology,'Elokika, Mākaukau Papawaiwai, Hoʻoulu Meaʻai, aiʻole ka'enekema $ 61,810 6%
Hoʻomaluʻauao'enekema Ke kēkelē laeoʻo i kaʻike'enekema, biology, engineering, chmistry or physics $ 68,910 11%
Mea Hoʻolālā Ola ʻO ke kūlana papahana a iʻole ka palapala inoa e pili ana i ka'ikeihoʻikepili $ 44,190 12%
Forensic Scientist ʻO ke kūlana papahana aʻelua makahiki paha o ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā i kaʻikeʻenehana a iʻole kaʻikeʻepekema. $ 56,750 17%
ʻO Geoscientist Ke kula kiʻekiʻe a Ph.D. i ka Geology a iʻole kaʻEpekema honua $ 89,780 14%
Ke olahana Ke kēkelē lae o ke kekelikona, Geoscience a iʻole ka'enekema e pili ana i kaʻenehana me kahi kūmole o ka waiwai a iʻole kaʻike wai $ 80,480 10%
Hoʻonaʻauao Hauka Ph.D. i ka Biological Science a me / MD paha (Kekelē Haumana) $ 80,530 13%